Before discussing ES5 or ES6 let’s discuss what actually is ECMAScript-
ECMAScript is a standard, JavaScript is an implementation of that standard. ECMAScript defines the standard and browsers implement it.
In a similar way, HTML specifications (most recently HTML5) are defined by the organising body and are implemented by the browser vendors. Different browsers implement specifications in different ways, and there’s varying amounts of support for different features.
- ES5- ES5 is the JavaScript we know today and use in web applications. It does not require a build step to transform it into something that will run in today’s browsers.
- ES6 – Also called ES2015 is the next iteration of JavaScript with many enhanced features(http://es6-features.org) but it does not run in today’s browsers. So we need a transpiler like Babel that will export ES5 code means it will compile ES6 code to ES5 code that today’s browsers support and can be run easily in the today’s browsers.
- TypeScript – TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript that also compiles to plain JavaScript. This is pulling in features from ES6, ES7… Or future’s JavaScript. It help us to write safe JavaScript code means mistakes in JavaScript code can be noticed at development time due to it’s compile feature. As this is the superset of JavaScript so it contains JavaScript and some additional features as well.
We can view the all latest specification at-
ECMAScript – http://www.ecma-international.org/default.htm
ES2015 or ES6 – http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/6.0/
ES2016 – https://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/
ECMA Proposals- https://github.com/tc39/proposals
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